Agency checks

What Is an APS or Private Employment Agency Licence?

What a private employment agency licence authorises under Malaysian law, and why it matters before you engage anyone calling themselves a maid agency.

The short answer

A private employment agency licence is government permission — granted under the Private Employment Agencies Act 1981 [Act 246] — to act as a paid intermediary between an employer and a job seeker. Operating as that kind of intermediary without one is a criminal offence, not a technicality: the Act sets a fine of up to RM200,000, up to 3 years in prison, or both, for anyone who does it. That single fact is why checking a licence isn’t optional paperwork; it separates a business the law holds accountable from one it doesn’t.

At a glance

Governing law
Private Employment Agencies Act 1981Act 246 defines “recruiting activity”, requires a licence to carry it out, and sets the penalty for operating without one.
Licence required for
Any paid intermediary roleSection 7(1): no one may act as a paid go-between for an employer and a job seeker — including a foreign domestic worker placement — without a licence.
Penalty for none
Up to RM200,000 or 3 yearsSection 7(2): fine, imprisonment, or both, for operating as a private employment agency without a licence.
Who administers it
JTKSM, JTK Sabah, JTKSWKOne Malaysia-wide Act, with a different regional labour department administering it in each of Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak.

What the licence authorises

Act 246 defines “recruiting activity” as acting as an intermediary between an employer and a job seeker for payment — arranging, introducing, or placing someone into a job in exchange for a fee. A licence is the government’s permission to run that specific kind of business. It doesn’t certify the quality of any individual candidate, and it isn’t a general trading licence; it’s permission for exactly one activity, and the Act treats that activity as serious enough to require it.

The licence itself comes in three categories, covering different combinations of local, overseas, and foreign-worker placement — the category matters as much as the licence itself, since placing a foreign domestic worker specifically requires one of two particular categories, not just any licence.

  • A licence authorises paid intermediary work connecting an employer with a job seeker — nothing more.
  • Three categories exist; only two of them cover foreign domestic worker placement.
  • Operating without the right licence is a criminal offence under s.7(2), not a formality.

Why this matters before you engage anyone

An unlicensed “agent” or “consultant” arranging a placement for a fee is operating outside a system the law built specifically to hold agencies accountable — JTKSM can investigate, suspend, or revoke a real licence, and a household dealing with a licensed agency has that recourse standing behind the relationship. Deal with someone unlicensed, and none of that applies: there’s no register entry, no licence to suspend, and no clear regulator to escalate a dispute to.

This is a separate question from whether an individual seems trustworthy in conversation. The licence is a structural fact you can check independently of anyone’s manner or promises, and it’s the first thing worth confirming — before discussing fees, timelines, or candidates.

Where to check before you commit

JTKSM publishes a live, public register of licensed agencies, searchable by name, licence number, category, and state, with a separate list of cancelled or suspended licences. Checking it takes a few minutes and confirms whether the specific company you’re speaking to is the licence-holder — not just whether some agency somewhere is licensed.

What to look for and how the categories differ is covered next; for the step-by-step check against the register, see the dedicated verification guide.

The rules and figures here follow official Malaysian sources as at the review date, and your own situation can differ. Check what applies to your own case with the Immigration Department of Malaysia for permits and passes, or the Department of Labour Peninsular Malaysia for agency licensing and employment terms, before you act on it.

Questions this page answers

Can someone without a licence legally arrange a maid placement for a fee?

No. Charging a fee to connect an employer with a job seeker — which includes arranging a foreign domestic worker placement — without a licence is an offence under s.7(1)–(2) of Act 246, carrying a fine of up to RM200,000, up to 3 years in prison, or both.

What’s the penalty for an agency operating unlicensed?

A fine not exceeding RM200,000, imprisonment not exceeding 3 years, or both — set out in s.7(2) of the Private Employment Agencies Act 1981.

Is there one national licensing body, or does it vary by state?

One Malaysia-wide Act, administered regionally: JTKSM in Peninsular Malaysia, JTK Sabah in Sabah, and JTKSWK in Sarawak. The licence categories, fee rules, and penalties are the same everywhere — only the administering office differs.

Does this licensing requirement apply the same way in Sabah and Sarawak?

Yes. Act 246 is a single national statute; the 2018 amendment extended JTKSM-aligned enforcement to Sabah and Sarawak, and no official source describes a different licence-category structure, fee schedule, or penalty regime in either state.

Where do I check whether an agency’s licence is real?

JTKSM’s public register lists every active licence, searchable by name or licence number, with a separate list for cancelled or suspended agencies — the verification guide on this site walks through exactly what to look for.

What Is an APS or Private Employment Agency Licence?

Prepare a useful first enquiry

Add a few key facts about your household and the question you want answered, so the reply is useful.

  • Agency legal name
  • Licence number if supplied
  • Household location
  • Quotation or term to check
  • Question still open

This opens a WhatsApp draft to the DomesticHelper enquiry team, who help connect you with a maid-hiring service. Nothing is sent until you press send, and you can edit it first.

Open WhatsApp draft
DomesticHelper editorial teamReviewed 14 August 2026Sourced from Malaysian government registriesIndependent of the hiring agenciesEditorial standards
Enquire on WhatsApp