Agency checks

How Maid Agencies Work in Malaysia

How the licensed private employment agency system actually works in Malaysia, before you get into any one agency’s specifics.

The short answer

A maid agency is, legally, a private employment agency operating under the Private Employment Agencies Act 1981 [Act 246]: a business licensed by a regional labour department to charge a fee for connecting a household with a foreign domestic worker. The law defines what the licence permits, sets three licence categories with only two covering this kind of placement, caps a narrow set of worker-side fees, and gives the licensing department power to suspend or cancel a licence for cause. Everything else, including its own service fee to your household, sits outside that framework as an ordinary commercial arrangement you negotiate directly.

At a glance

What licenses it
Private Employment Agencies Act 1981Act 246 defines the paid intermediary activity a licence authorises and sets the penalty for doing it unlicensed.
Which category applies
Category B or C, not AOnly two of the Act’s three licence categories cover foreign domestic worker placement; the third is local-only.
What the law caps
Two worker-side fees onlyA registration fee and a placement fee owed by the worker being placed; nothing in the Act caps the household’s own service fee.
Who administers it
JTKSM, JTK Sabah or JTKSWKOne national Act, with a different regional labour department licensing and enforcing it depending on where the agency operates.

The licence is the foundation, not the whole picture

Every legitimate maid agency operating in Malaysia holds a licence issued under Act 246, which defines "recruiting activity" as acting as a paid go-between for an employer and a job seeker and makes doing that without a licence a criminal offence. That single requirement is what turns "a business that arranges maids" into something a regulator can investigate, discipline, suspend or shut down: a household dealing with a licensed agency has that structure standing behind the relationship in a way dealing with an unlicensed one does not.

The licence itself isn’t one uniform thing: Act 246 sets three categories with different permitted activities and different capital requirements behind them, and only two of the three reach foreign domestic worker placement at all. Knowing an agency is "licensed" is the first check, not the last one; which category it holds is the next.

What the Act regulates, and what it deliberately leaves open

Beyond licensing, Act 246 does two more things directly: it caps two specific fees a worker being placed may be charged, and it gives the licensing department authority to act against a licence holder for misconduct. Both are real, checkable facts, not general assurances, and both concern the worker’s side of the arrangement.

What the Act does not do is set, cap, or itemise what an agency may charge a household for its overall service, package, or placement fee. That gap is confirmed across every source this site has checked, and it’s deliberate rather than an oversight in the research: the law regulates a licensed intermediary’s conduct and the worker-side fee, not the household’s commercial price for the service. That’s exactly why comparing written, itemised quotes matters more here than in a price-capped market.

Where to go deeper

Each piece of this, the licence categories, verifying a specific agency against the public register, regional differences between Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak, and what to ask before you commit, has its own dedicated guide on this site. This page is the map; the others are the routes.

The rules and figures here follow official Malaysian sources as at the review date, and your own situation can differ. Check what applies to your own case with the Immigration Department of Malaysia for permits and passes, or the Department of Labour Peninsular Malaysia for agency licensing and employment terms, before you act on it.

Questions this page answers

Is every maid agency in Malaysia required to be licensed?

Yes. Act 246 requires a licence for any paid intermediary role between an employer and a job seeker, which includes foreign domestic worker placement, and sets a fine of up to RM200,000, up to 3 years in prison, or both, for operating without one.

Does the law set what an agency can charge my household?

Not for the household’s own service fee. Act 246 caps two fees owed by the worker being placed; no source found caps or itemises what an agency may charge a household for its overall package.

What can the licensing department actually do to an agency?

It can investigate a licence holder and suspend or cancel a licence for cause, which is the accountability mechanism a licensed agency operates under and an unlicensed one does not.

Is the system different if I’m in Sabah or Sarawak?

The Act itself is the same nationwide; only the administering department changes, JTKSM in Peninsular Malaysia, JTK Sabah in Sabah, JTKSWK in Sarawak, each acting as Director of Labour for its own region.

How Maid Agencies Work in Malaysia

Prepare a useful first enquiry

Add a few key facts about your household and the question you want answered, so the reply is useful.

  • Agency legal name
  • Licence number if supplied
  • Household location
  • Quotation or term to check
  • Question still open

This opens a WhatsApp draft to the DomesticHelper enquiry team, who help connect you with a maid-hiring service. Nothing is sent until you press send, and you can edit it first.

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DomesticHelper editorial teamReviewed 14 August 2026Sourced from Malaysian government registriesIndependent of the hiring agenciesEditorial standards
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